Question

Proteomics refers to the study of

• A. Set of proteins in a specific region of the cell
• B. Biomolecules
• C. Set of proteins
• D. The entire set of expressed proteins in the cell

Hint:

• Genome Entire set of genes of an organism. Genomics Study of genomes.
• Transcriptome Entire set of RNA transcripts in a cell/organism. Transcriptomics Study of transcriptomes.
• Proteome Entire set of proteins expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism at a certain time. Proteomics Study of proteomes.
• Proteomics is more complex than genomics because protein expression is dynamic and proteins undergo many post-translational modifications.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures, functions, interactions, and modifications. It aims to characterize the proteome, which is the entire complement of proteins produced or modified by an organism, system, tissue, or cell at a particular time and under specific conditions. Key aspects of proteomics include:

• Identification and quantification of proteins.
• Determination of protein structures and post-translational modifications.
• Analysis of protein interactions and protein networks.
• Study of protein function and localization.

Let's analyze the options: (a) "Set of proteins in a specific region of the cell": This is a part of proteomics (e.g., organellar proteomics), but proteomics is broader, encompassing the entire proteome. (b) "Biomolecules": Too general. Biomolecules include nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, in addition to proteins. (c) "Set of proteins": This is closer, but option (d) is more precise. (d) "The entire set of expressed proteins in the cell" (or organism/tissue): This correctly defines the proteome, which is the subject of proteomics. It emphasizes "expressed" proteins, reflecting the dynamic nature of the proteome. Therefore, proteomics refers to the study of the entire set of expressed proteins in a cell, tissue, or organism. \[ \boxed{\text{The entire set of expressed proteins in the cell}} \]