Persons with 'AB' blood group are called as "Universal recipients". This is due to:
- Absence of antigens A and B on the surface of RBCs
- Absence of antigens A and B in plasma
- Presence of antibodies, anti-A and anti-B, on RBCs
- Absence of antibodies, anti-A and anti-B, in plasma
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
The question asks why persons with the 'AB' blood group are called "universal recipients." Understanding the concept of blood grouping and antibodies is essential to answering this.
Blood group classification is based on the presence or absence of antigens and antibodies:
- Antigens are present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs).
- Antibodies are present in the plasma.
Different blood groups are categorized as follows:
| Blood Group | Antigens on RBCs | Antibodies in Plasma |
|---|---|---|
| A | A | anti-B |
| B | B | anti-A |
| AB | A and B | None |
| O | None | anti-A and anti-B |
Individuals with the 'AB' blood group can receive blood from any other blood group due to the absence of anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma. This lack of antibodies means their immune system does not attack foreign A or B antigens introduced through transfusion from other blood groups.
Explanation of Options:
- Absence of antigens A and B on the surface of RBCs: This is incorrect for the AB group because both A and B antigens are present.
- Absence of antigens A and B in plasma: Antigens are not present in plasma, hence irrelevant to the compatibility for transfusion.
- Presence of antibodies, anti-A and anti-B, on RBCs: RBCs do not have antibodies; they carry antigens.
- Absence of antibodies, anti-A and anti-B, in plasma: This is correct. The absence of these antibodies allows AB individuals to accept blood from any donor type without risk of an immune response against A or B antigens.
Thus, the correct answer is: Absence of antibodies, anti-A and anti-B, in plasma.
Top Questions on Blood
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(D) Malarial parasite reproduces asexually in the gut of the mosquito.
(E) Filarial worms reside in the lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs.
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B. $I^B I^B /I^A I^A /ii$
C. $ I^A I^B /iI^A /I^B i$
D. $I^A i/I^B i/I^A i$
E. $iI^B /iI^A /I^A I^B$
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Concepts Used:
Blood
Blood is a fluid-like structure that is responsible for transporting oxygen and other nutrients to all the cells of the body. Blood shows characteristics of both tissues and fluid.
Composition of Blood:
Blood is composed of the below-mentioned parts:
- Plasma
- Blood Cells
- Platelets
Types of Blood Cells:
The two types of blood cells present in the body are:
RBC (Red Blood Cells)
RBC’s are also known as Erythrocytes. They are biconcave and are present without a nucleus in human beings. It contain Haemoglobin which is an iron-rich protein due to which the color of blood is red. RBC’s are produced in the bone marrow which is mainly responsible for the transportation of oxygen to and from various tissues and organs present in the human body.
WBC (White Blood Cells)
WBC’s are also known as Leucocytes which are colourless blood cells due to the absence of haemoglobin. They are further divided into two categories such as granulocytes and agranulocytes. Their main responsibility is to provide immunity and maintain defence mechanisms in the human body.