Question:

Parallelism is

Updated On: Jul 28, 2022
  • adaptive divergence
  • adaptive divergence of widely separated species
  • adaptive convergence of widely different species
  • adaptive convergence of closely related groups.
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Development of similar adaptive functional structures in unrelated groups of organisms is called adaptive convergence or convergent evolution e.g. wings of insect, bird and bat show marked convergent evolution. When convergent evolution is found in closely related species, it is called 'Parallel evolution'. Example : development of running habit in deer (2-toed) and horse (1-toed) with two vestigial splint bones.
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Concepts Used:

Evidence for Evolution

Evolution evidence is one of the most important pillars of current biological theory. It is the only way to prove all of the proposed evolution theories. Fossils, comparative anatomy, and embryo development patterns are among the evidence used to support biological evolution.

Fossils are the non-degraded remains of living organisms discovered within rocks. The age of the fossil is determined by the layer in which it was recovered. In comparison to the fossils found in the upper layers, those found farther down are older. They provide insight on the condition of the specific region. Palaeontology is the scientific study of fossils.

Comparative Anatomy describes how many organisms share an origin and how natural selection or genetic drift led to the evolution of many diverse organisms. There were two categories of comparative anatomy found: homologous organs and analogous organs.

In Embryonic Development, until a certain stage of gestation, the embryos of various species have a similar structure. Human embryos, pig embryos, reptile embryos, and bird embryos, for instance, have similar embryonic development. As they grow older, they transform into the appropriate species. This demonstrates common ancestry once again.