Osmotic pressure can be increased by
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Osmotic pressure describes the pressure exerted by a solvent to prevent the influx of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane
- increasing the temperature of the solution.
- decreasing the temperature of the solution.
- increasing the volume of the vessel.
- diluting the solution.
The Correct Option is A
Approach Solution - 1
Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to the temperature $\because \pi=CRT$ where,
- C= concentration
- R= gas constant
- T= temperature
i.e. $\pi \propto T$, thus, on increasing the temperature, osmotic pressure also increases.
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Approach Solution -2
Osmotic pressure describes the pressure exerted by a solvent to prevent the influx of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane. The temperature of a solution has a significant influence on its osmotic pressure.
Temperature and Molecular Kinetics
- Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules in a solution.
- An increase in temperature corresponds to an increase in molecular kinetic energy.
Effect of Temperature on Solvent-Solute Interactions
- When the temperature of a solution increases, the kinetic energy of solvent and solute molecules increases as well.
- This increased kinetic energy leads to more frequent and energetic collisions between solvent and solute particles.
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Enhanced Solvent-Solute Interaction
- As the temperature rises, solvent molecules gain energy to overcome intermolecular forces.
- This enhanced interaction increases the rate of solvent molecules crossing the semipermeable membrane.
Increased Movement of Solvent
- With higher temperatures, solvent molecules move more rapidly, resulting in a greater tendency to move across the membrane.
- Consequently, the osmotic pressure of the solution increases due to the greater flow of solvent molecules.
Relationship Between Temperature and Osmotic Pressure
- Increasing the temperature of a solution increases the kinetic energy and movement of solvent molecules.
- This increased movement elevates the osmotic pressure, as more solvent molecules attempt to equalize the concentration on both sides of the semipermeable membrane.
The temperature of a solution plays a crucial role in its osmotic pressure. Increasing the temperature leads to enhanced molecular movement and more vigorous solvent-solute interactions, resulting in an increase in osmotic pressure.
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Concepts Used:
Solutions
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more components in which the particle size is smaller than 1 nm.
For example, salt and sugar is a good illustration of a solution. A solution can be categorized into several components.
Types of Solutions:
The solutions can be classified into three types:
- Solid Solutions - In these solutions, the solvent is in a Solid-state.
- Liquid Solutions- In these solutions, the solvent is in a Liquid state.
- Gaseous Solutions - In these solutions, the solvent is in a Gaseous state.
On the basis of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent, solutions are divided into the following types:
- Unsaturated Solution- A solution in which more solute can be dissolved without raising the temperature of the solution is known as an unsaturated solution.
- Saturated Solution- A solution in which no solute can be dissolved after reaching a certain amount of temperature is known as an unsaturated saturated solution.
- Supersaturated Solution- A solution that contains more solute than the maximum amount at a certain temperature is known as a supersaturated solution.