Osmotic pressure can be increased by
Show Hint
Osmotic pressure describes the pressure exerted by a solvent to prevent the influx of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane
- increasing the temperature of the solution.
- decreasing the temperature of the solution.
- increasing the volume of the vessel.
- diluting the solution.
The Correct Option is A
Approach Solution - 1
Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to the temperature $\because \pi=CRT$ where,
- C= concentration
- R= gas constant
- T= temperature
i.e. $\pi \propto T$, thus, on increasing the temperature, osmotic pressure also increases.
Discover More From Chapter: Solutions
Approach Solution -2
Osmotic pressure describes the pressure exerted by a solvent to prevent the influx of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane. The temperature of a solution has a significant influence on its osmotic pressure.
Temperature and Molecular Kinetics
- Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules in a solution.
- An increase in temperature corresponds to an increase in molecular kinetic energy.
Effect of Temperature on Solvent-Solute Interactions
- When the temperature of a solution increases, the kinetic energy of solvent and solute molecules increases as well.
- This increased kinetic energy leads to more frequent and energetic collisions between solvent and solute particles.
Read More:
| Related Concepts | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spore Formation | Vegetative Bud | Electroosmosis |
| Amoeba | Binomial Nomenclature | Cell Wall and Cell Membrane |
Enhanced Solvent-Solute Interaction
- As the temperature rises, solvent molecules gain energy to overcome intermolecular forces.
- This enhanced interaction increases the rate of solvent molecules crossing the semipermeable membrane.
Increased Movement of Solvent
- With higher temperatures, solvent molecules move more rapidly, resulting in a greater tendency to move across the membrane.
- Consequently, the osmotic pressure of the solution increases due to the greater flow of solvent molecules.
Relationship Between Temperature and Osmotic Pressure
- Increasing the temperature of a solution increases the kinetic energy and movement of solvent molecules.
- This increased movement elevates the osmotic pressure, as more solvent molecules attempt to equalize the concentration on both sides of the semipermeable membrane.
The temperature of a solution plays a crucial role in its osmotic pressure. Increasing the temperature leads to enhanced molecular movement and more vigorous solvent-solute interactions, resulting in an increase in osmotic pressure.
Top Questions on Solutions
According to the generally accepted definition of the ideal solution there are equal interaction forces acting between molecules belonging to the same or different species. (This is equivalent to the statement that the activity of the components equals the concentration.) Strictly speaking, this concept is valid in ecological systems (isotopic mixtures of an element, hydrocarbons mixtures, etc.). It is still usual to talk about ideal solutions as limiting cases in reality since very dilute solutions behave ideally with respect to the solvent. This law is further supported by the fact that Raoult’s law empirically found for describing the behaviour of the solvent in dilute solutions can be deduced thermodynamically via the assumption of ideal behaviour of the solvent.
Answer the following questions:
(a) Give one example of miscible liquid pair which shows negative deviation from Raoult’s law. What is the reason for such deviation?
(b) (i) State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components.
OR
(ii) Raoult’s law is a special case of Henry’s law. Comment.
(c) Write two characteristics of an ideal solution.- A solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol\(^{-1}\)) in water has a boiling point of 100.20°C. Calculate the freezing point of the same solution. Molal constants for water \(K_f\) and \(K_b\) are 1.86 K kg mol\(^{-1}\) and 0.512 K kg mol\(^{-1}\) respectively.
- Define Azeotrope. What type of Azeotrope is formed by negative deviation from Raoult's law? Give an example.
- Give reasons:
(a) Cooking is faster in a pressure cooker than in an open pan.
(b) On mixing liquid X and liquid Y, volume of the resulting solution decreases. What type of deviation from Raoult's law is shown by the resulting solution? What change in temperature would you observe after mixing liquids X and Y? - An unripe mango placed in a concentrated salt solution to prepare pickle, shrivels because __________
Questions Asked in KCET exam
- If \( A \) is a square matrix of order \( 3 \times 3 \), \( \det A = 3 \), then the value of \( \det(3A^{-1}) \) is:
- KCET - 2025
- Matrices
- The number of orbitals associated with 'N' shell of an atom is
- KCET - 2025
- Atomic Physics
- The system of equations \( 4x + 6y = 5 \) and \( 8x + 12y = 10 \) has:
- KCET - 2025
- Linear Equations
- If A and B are two matrices such that AB is an identity matrix and the order of matrix B is \(3 \times 4\), then the order of matrix A is:
- KCET - 2025
- Matrices
- If \(A\) is a square matrix such that \(A^2 = A\), then \((I - A)^3\) is:
- KCET - 2025
- Matrices
Concepts Used:
Solutions
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more components in which the particle size is smaller than 1 nm.
For example, salt and sugar is a good illustration of a solution. A solution can be categorized into several components.
Types of Solutions:
The solutions can be classified into three types:
- Solid Solutions - In these solutions, the solvent is in a Solid-state.
- Liquid Solutions- In these solutions, the solvent is in a Liquid state.
- Gaseous Solutions - In these solutions, the solvent is in a Gaseous state.
On the basis of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent, solutions are divided into the following types:
- Unsaturated Solution- A solution in which more solute can be dissolved without raising the temperature of the solution is known as an unsaturated solution.
- Saturated Solution- A solution in which no solute can be dissolved after reaching a certain amount of temperature is known as an unsaturated saturated solution.
- Supersaturated Solution- A solution that contains more solute than the maximum amount at a certain temperature is known as a supersaturated solution.