give me moonlight,
basketful or two baskets full,
with seeds of moonlight.
From the city to my village,
on the sides of the path
I want to sow many,
small, small moons of light.
The whole village goes to the city
daily to work.
It becomes dark on its way back
as my village is quite far.
The route is tough and full of
snakes and scorpions.
Neither bus nor cart plies.
When my father returns home
I am asleep.
And he goes back early in the morning
while I am sleeping.
The poetтАЩs father goes back early in the .............
(morning/evening)
The poet asks for seeds of .............
(sunlight/moonlight)
The whole village goes ............. to work.
(daily/weekly)
The poet wants to sow seeds on the sides of the .............
(road/path)
(morning/evening)
The poet asks for seeds of .............
(sunlight/moonlight)
The whole village goes ............. to work.
(daily/weekly)
The poet wants to sow seeds on the sides of the .............
(road/path)
Show Hint
Solution and Explanation
The poet asks for seeds of moonlight, as the stanza mentions тАЬwith seeds of moonlight.тАЭ
The village goes тАЬdaily to work,тАЭ which aligns with the word тАЬdailyтАЭ in the context.
The poet refers to the тАЬsides of the pathтАЭ where he wants to sow the seeds, so the correct answer is "path."
Describe the route in the poem from the city to the village.
Show Hint
Solution and Explanation
Write your own rhyming words for the following:
light - .............
plies - .............
light - .............
plies - .............
Show Hint
Solution and Explanation
Top Questions on Reading Comprehension
Imagine a world in which artificial intelligence is entrusted with the highest moral responsibilities: sentencing criminals, allocating medical resources, and even mediating conflicts between nations. This might seem like the pinnacle of human progress: an entity unburdened by emotion, prejudice or inconsistency, making ethical decisions with impeccable precision. . . .
Yet beneath this vision of an idealised moral arbiter lies a fundamental question: can a machine understand morality as humans do, or is it confined to a simulacrum of ethical reasoning? AI might replicate human decisions without improving on them, carrying forward the same biases, blind spots and cultural distortions from human moral judgment. In trying to emulate us, it might only reproduce our limitations, not transcend them. But there is a deeper concern. Moral judgment draws on intuition, historical awareness and context qualities that resist formalisation. Ethics may be so embedded in lived experience that any attempt to encode it into formal structures risks flattening its most essential features. If so, AI would merely reflect human shortcomings; it would strip morality of the very depth that makes ethical reflection possible in the first place.
Still, many have tried to formalise ethics, by treating certain moral claims not as conclusions, but as starting points. A classic example comes from utilitarianism, which often takes as a foundational axiom the principle that one should act to maximise overall wellbeing. From this, more specific principles can be derived, for example, that it is right to benefit the greatest number, or that actions should be judged by their consequences for total happiness. As computational resources increase, AI becomes increasingly well-suited to the task of starting from fixed ethical assumptions and reasoning through their implications in complex situations.
But, what exactly, does it mean to formalise something like ethics? The question is easier to grasp by looking at fields in which formal systems have long played a central role. Physics, for instance, has relied on formalisation for centuries. There is no single physical theory that explains everything. Instead, we have many physical theories, each designed to describe specific aspects of the Universe: from the behaviour of quarks and electrons to the motion of galaxies. These theories often diverge. Aristotelian physics, for instance, explained falling objects in terms of natural motion toward EarthтАЩs centre; Newtonian mechanics replaced this with a universal force of gravity. These explanations are not just different; they are incompatible. Yet both share a common structure: they begin with basic postulates assumptions about motion, force or massтАУ and derive increasingly complex consequences. . . .
Ethical theories have a similar structure. Like physical theories, they attempt to describe a domainтАУ in this case, the moral landscape. They aim to answer questions about which actions are right or wrong, and why. These theories also diverge, and even when they recommend similar actions, such as giving to charity, they justify them in different ways. Ethical theories also often begin with a small set of foundational principles or claims, from which they reason about more complex moral problems.- CAT - 2025
- Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension (VARC)
- Reading Comprehension
In 1982, a raging controversy broke out over a forest act drafted by the Government of India. This act sought to strengthen the already extensive powers enjoyed by the forest bureaucracy in controlling the extraction, disposal and sale of forest produce. It also gave forest officials greater powers to strictly regulate the entry of any person into reserved forest areas. While forest officials justified the act on the grounds that it was necessary to stop the continuing deforestation, it was bitterly opposed by representatives of grassroots organisations, who argued that it was a major violation of the rights of peasants and tribals living in and around forest areas. . . .
The debate over the draft forest act fuelled a larger controversy over the orientation of state forest policy. It was pointed out, for example, that the draft act was closely modelled on its predecessor, the Forest Act of 1878. The earlier Act rested on a usurpation of rights of ownership by the colonial state which had little precedent in precolonial history. It was further argued that the system of forestry introduced by the BritishтАФand continued, with little modification, after 1947тАФemphasised revenue generation and commercial exploitation, while its policing orientation excluded villagers who had the most longstanding claim on forest resources. Critics called for a complete overhaul of forest administration, pressing the government to formulate policy and legislation more appropriate to present needs. . . .
That debate is not over yet. The draft act was shelved, though it has not as yet been formally withdrawn. Meanwhile, the 1878 Act (as modified by an amendment in 1927) continues to be in operation. In response to its critics, the government has made some important changes in forest policy, e.g., no longer treating forests as a source of revenue, and stopping ecologically hazardous practices such as the clearfelling of natural forests. At the same time, it has shown little inclination to meet the major demand of the critics of forest policyтАФnamely, abandoning the principle of state monopoly over forest land by handing over areas of degraded forests to individuals and communities for afforestation.
. . . [The] 1878 Forest Act itself was passed only after a bitter and prolonged debate within the colonial bureaucracy, in which protagonists put forward arguments strikingly similar to those being advanced today. As well known, the Indian Forest Department owes its origin to the requirements of railway companies. The early years of the expansion of the railway network, c. 1853 onwards, led to tremendous deforestation in peninsular India owing to the railwayтАЩs requirements of fuelwood and construction timber. Huge quantities of durable timbers were also needed for use as sleepers across the new railway tracks. Inexperienced in forestry, the British called in German experts to commence systematic forest management. The Indian Forest Department was started in 1864, with Dietrich Brandis, formally a Lecturer in Botany, as the first Inspector General of Forests. The early years of the forest department, even as it grew, continued to meet the railway needs for timber and wood. These systems first emerged as part of the needs of the expanding empire.- CAT - 2025
- Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension (VARC)
- Reading Comprehension
Over the course of the twentieth century, humans built, on average, one large dam a day, hulking structures of steel and concrete designed to control flooding, facilitate irrigation, and generate electricity. Dams were also lucrative contracts, large-scale employers, and the physical instantiation of a messianic drive to conquer territories and control nature. Some of the results of that drive were charismatic mega-infrastructureтАФthe Hoover on the Colorado River or the Aswan on the NileтАФbut most of the tens of thousands of dams that dot the EarthтАЩs landscape have drawn little attention. These are the smaller, though not inconsequential, barriers that today impede the flow of water on nearly two-thirds of the worldтАЩs large waterways. Chances are, what your map calls a тАЬlakeтАЭ is actually a reservoir, and that thin blue line that emerges from it once flowed very differently.
Damming a river is always a partisan act. Even when explicit infrastructure goalsтАФirrigation, flood control, electrificationтАФwere met, other consequences were significant and often deleterious. Across the world, river control displaced millions of people, threatening livelihoods, foodways, and cultures. In the western United States, dams were often an instrument of colonialism, used to dispossess Indigenous people and subsidize settler agriculture. And as dams slowed the flow of water, inhibited the movement of nutrients, and increased the amount of toxic algae and other parasites, they snuffed out entire river ecologies. Declining fish populations are the most evident effect, but dams also threaten a host of other animalsтАФfrom birds and reptiles to fungi and plantsтАФwith extinction. Every major dam, then, is also a sacrifice zone, a place where lives, livelihoods, and ways of life are eliminated so that new sorts of landscapes can support water-intensive agriculture and cities that sprout downstream of new reservoirs.
Such sacrifices have been justified as offerings at the temples of modernity. Justified byтАФand forтАФwhom, though? Over the course of the twentieth century, rarely were the costs and benefits weighed thoughtfully and decided democratically. As Kader Asmal, chair of the landmark 2000 World Commission on Dams, concluded, тАЬThere have been precious few, if any, comprehensive, independent analyses as to why dams came about, how dams perform over time, and whether we are getting a fair return from our 2 trillion Dollar investment.тАЭ A quarter-century later, AsmalтАЩs words ring ever truer. A litany of dams built in the mid-twentieth century are approaching the end of their expected lives, with worrying prospects for their durability. Droughts, magnified and multiplied by the effects of climate change, have forced more and more to run below capacity. If ever there were a time to rethink the mania for dams, it would be now.
There is some evidence that a combination of opposition, alternative energy sources, and a lack of viable projects has slowed the construction of major dams. But a wave of recent and ongoing construction, from India and China to Ethiopia and Canada, continues to tilt the global balance firmly in favor of water impoundment.- CAT - 2025
- Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension (VARC)
- Reading Comprehension
Once a society accepts a secular mode of creativity, within which the creator replaces God, imaginative transactions assume a self-conscious form. The tribal imagination, on the other hand, is still to a large extent dreamlike and hallucinatory. It admits fusion between various planes of existence and levels of time in a natural and artless manner. In tribal stories, oceans fly in the sky as birds, mountains swim in water as fish, animals speak as humans and stars grow like plants. Spatial order and temporal sequence do not restrict the narrative. This is not to say that tribal creations have no conventions or rules, but simply that they admit the principle of association between emotion and the narrative motif. Thus stars, seas, mountains, trees, men and animals can be angry, sad or happy.
It might be said that tribal artists work more on the basis of their racial and sensory memory than on the basis of a cultivated imagination. In order to understand this distinction, we must understand the difference between imagination and memory. In the animate world, consciousness meets two immediate material realities: space and time. We put meaning into space by perceiving it in terms of images. The image-making faculty is a genetic gift to the human mindтАФthis power of imagination helps us understand the space that envelops us. With regard to time, we make connections with the help of memory; one remembers being the same person today as one was yesterday.
The tribal mind has a more acute sense of time than the sense of space. Somewhere along the history of human civilization, tribal communities seem to have realized that domination over territorial space was not their lot. Thus, they seem to have turned almost obsessively to gaining domination over time. This urge is substantiated in their ritual of conversing with their dead ancestors: year after year, tribals in many parts of India worship terracotta or carved-wood objects representing their ancestors, aspiring to enter a trance in which they can converse with the dead. Over the centuries, an amazingly sharp memory has helped tribals classify material and natural objects into a highly complex system of knowledge. . .
One of the main characteristics of the tribal arts is their distinct manner of constructing space and imagery, which might be described as тАШhallucinaryтАЩ. In both oral and visual forms of representation, tribal artists seem to interpret verbal or pictorial art as demarcated by an extremely flexible тАШframeтАЩ. The boundaries between art and non-art become almost invisible. Atribal epic can begin its narration from a trivial everyday event; tribal paintings merge with living space as if the two were one and the same. And within the narrative itself, or within the painted imagery, there is no deliberate attempt to follow a sequence. The episodes retold and the images created take on the apparently chaotic shapes of dreams. In a way, the syntax of language and the grammar of painting are the same, as if literature were painted words and painting were a song of images.- CAT - 2025
- Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension (VARC)
- Reading Comprehension
This book takes the position that setting in literature is more than just backdrop, that important insight into literary texts can be made by paying close attention to how authors craft place, as well as to how place functions in a narrative. The authors included in this reference work engage deeply with either real or imagined geographies. They care about how human decisions have shaped landscapes and how landscapes have shaped human practices and values. Some of the best writing is highly vivid, employing the language of the senses because this is the primary means through which humans know physical space. Literature can offer valuable perspectives on physical and cultural geography. Unlike scientific reports, a literary narrative can provide the emotional component missing from the scientific record. In human experience, geographical places have a spiritual or emotional component in addition to and as part of a physical layout and topography. This emotional component, although subjective, is no less тАЬrealтАЭ than a surveyorтАЩs map. Human consciousness of place is experienced in a multi-modal manner. Histories of places live on in many forms, one of which is the human memory or imagination.
Both real and imaginary landscapes provide insight into the human experience of place. The pursuit of such a topic speaks to the valuable knowledge produced from bridging disciplines and combining material from both the arts and the sciences to better understand the human condition. The perspectives that most concern cultural geographers are often those regarding movement and migration, cultivation of natural resources, and organization of space. The latter two reflect concerns of the built environment, a topic shared with the field of architectural study. Many of these concerns are also reflected in work sociologists do. Scholars from literary studies can contribute an aesthetic dimension to what might otherwise be a purely ideological approach.
Literature can bring together material that spans different branches of science. For example, a literary description of place may involve not only the environment and geography but the noises and quality of light, or how people from different races or classes can experience the same place in different ways linked to those racial or class disparities. Literary texts can also account for the way in which absenceтАФof other people, animals, and so onтАФaffects a human observer or inhabitant. Both literary and scientific approaches to place are necessary, working in unison, to achieve a complete record of an environment. It is important to note that the interdisciplinary nature of this work teaches us that landscapes are not static, that they are not unchanged by human culture. At least part of their identity derives from the people who inhabit them and from the way space can alter and inspire human perspective. The intersection of scientific and literary expression that happens in the study of literary geography is of prime importance due to the complexity of the personal and political ways that humans experience place.- CAT - 2025
- Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension (VARC)
- Reading Comprehension
Questions Asked in Maharashtra Class X Board exam
рд╡рд┐рд╖рдп: рдХрд▓реНрдкреЗрд╢/рдХрд▓реНрдкрдирд╛ рдкрд╛рдЯреЗрдХрд░... рдЕрдкрдиреА рдЧрд▓рдд рдЬрдиреНрдорддрд┐рдерд┐ рдХреЛ рд╕реБрдзрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рд╣реЗрддреБ рдкреНрд░рдзрд╛рдирд╛рдЪрд╛рд░реНрдп... рдХреЛ рдкрддреНрд░ рд▓рд┐рдЦрддрд╛/рд▓рд┐рдЦрддреА рд╣реИред
- Maharashtra Class X Board - 2025
- рдкрддреНрд░ рд▓реЗрдЦрди
- Name and state the principle used to measure the specific heat capacity of a substance.
- The earliest museum in the world was discovered in the excavations at the city of ............
- Maharashtra Class X Board - 2025
- Applied History
рдирд┐рдореНрдирд▓рд┐рдЦрд┐рдд рдореБрд╣рд╛рд╡рд░реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реЗ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдПрдХ рдореБрд╣рд╛рд╡рд░реЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рд▓рд┐рдЦрдХрд░ рд╡рд╛рдХреНрдп рдореЗрдВ рдкреНрд░рдпреЛрдЧ рдХреАрдЬрд┐рдП :
(i) рдореБрдБрд╣ рд▓рд╛рд▓ рд╣реЛрдирд╛
(ii) рдЯрд╛рдБрдЧ рдЕрдбрд╝рд╛рдирд╛рдЕрдерд╡рд╛
рдЕрдзреЛрд░реЗрдЦрд╛рдВрдХрд┐рдд рд╡рд╛рдХреНрдпрд╛рдВрд╢ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдХреЛрд╖реНрдардХ рдореЗрдВ рджрд┐рдП рдореБрд╣рд╛рд╡рд░реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЙрдЪрд┐рдд рдореБрд╣рд╛рд╡рд░реЗ рдХрд╛ рдЪрдпрди рдХрд░рдХреЗ рд╡рд╛рдХреНрдп рдлрд┐рд░ рд╕реЗ рд▓рд┐рдЦрд┐рдП :
(рддрд┐рд▓рдорд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛, рдХрд╛рдБрдк рдЙрдардирд╛)
рдкрдВрдбрд┐рдд рдмреБрджреНрдзрд┐рд░рд╛рдо рдХрд╛рдХреА рдХреЛ рджреЗрдЦрддреЗ рд╣реА \underline{рдХреНрд░реЛрдз рдореЗрдВ рдЖ рдЧрдП}ред
- Maharashtra Class X Board - 2025
- рд╡реНрдпрд╛рдХрд░рдг
- What is meant by decomposition reaction? Write the chemical reaction of decomposition of sugar on heating.
- Maharashtra Class X Board - 2025
- Chemical Reactions