Question

Mention two means of irrigation during the Harappan period.

Hint:

The Harappan Civilization’s sophisticated irrigation systems, including wells and canals, were crucial for sustaining agriculture and urban life in the challenging climate of the Indus Valley.

Answer 1

The Harappan Civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, was one of the earliest urban cultures in the world. It is known for its advanced systems of urban planning, including irrigation techniques that supported agriculture. Below are two major means of irrigation used during the Harappan period: Step 1: Wells.
Wells were a primary source of water for irrigation in the Harappan Civilization. Excavations at sites like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa have revealed numerous wells, which were used to draw water for irrigation and daily use. These wells were often lined with bricks, and the water was directed to fields through channels.
Step 2: Canals.
Canals were another key means of irrigation in the Harappan period. Evidence suggests that the Harappans constructed canals to divert water from rivers, such as the Indus and its tributaries, to agricultural lands. These canals helped regulate the flow of water and ensured that crops were irrigated during dry periods. The extensive network of canals highlights the advanced engineering skills of the Harappan people.