Question

Mention the chief characteristics of Hill Area Development Programme in India.

Hint:

For questions on development programmes, remember the core objectives: Who is the target (hill people)? What is the main goal (sustainable development)? How is it achieved (eco-preservation, local resource use)? This structure helps formulate a complete answer.

Answer 1

The Hill Area Development Programme (HADP) was initiated during the Fifth Five-Year Plan to address the specific problems of hill areas. Its chief characteristics are:
1. Area-Specific Approach: The programme is designed to address the unique geographical and socio-economic conditions of hill regions, which are distinct from the plains.
2. Focus on Eco-Preservation: A key objective is the sustainable development of hill areas by maintaining ecological balance. It emphasizes afforestation, soil conservation, and watershed management to prevent environmental degradation.
3. Development of Local Resources: The programme aims to develop the local economy by harnessing indigenous resources in an environmentally sustainable manner. This includes promoting sectors like horticulture, animal husbandry, poultry, and small-scale and village industries.
4. Involvement of Local Communities: It stresses the importance of involving local people in the planning and implementation of development schemes to ensure the programmes are suited to their needs and foster a sense of ownership.
5. Infrastructure Development: The programme includes provisions for developing infrastructure that is crucial for hill areas, such as ropeways, specialized transport, and communication networks, while minimizing environmental damage.