Question

Mention any two arguments in favour of the need of international organisations.

Hint:

To structure an answer about the need for international organizations, think in terms of problem-solving. First, identify a global problem (war, disease, poverty). Then, explain how a specific international organization (UN, WHO, World Bank) helps to manage that problem.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
International organizations are formal institutions (like the United Nations, World Health Organization, World Trade Organization) established by states through treaties. They are needed to manage complex global challenges that no single state can solve on its own.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Two major arguments in favour of the need for international organizations are:
1. Promotion of International Peace and Security:
- In an anarchic world system where there is no world government, international organizations provide a crucial platform for diplomacy, dialogue, and conflict resolution.
- The United Nations (UN), for example, offers mechanisms like the Security Council for addressing threats to peace, deploying peacekeeping missions to conflict zones, and imposing sanctions on aggressive states. While not always successful, these organizations provide an alternative to war and help prevent disputes from escalating into larger conflicts.
2. Fostering Cooperation on Global Issues:
- Many of the world's most pressing problems are transboundary in nature. Issues like climate change, pandemics (e.g., COVID-19), global terrorism, and economic crises require coordinated action.
- Organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) coordinate global responses to health emergencies, the World Bank provides financial and technical assistance for development projects, and the World Trade Organization (WTO) sets rules for international trade. They facilitate the sharing of information, resources, and technology to address these shared challenges effectively.
Step 3: Final Answer:
International organizations are essential for maintaining peace and security by providing forums for conflict resolution and for facilitating cooperation among states to tackle global problems like pandemics, climate change, and economic instability.