Question

Match the process of reproduction and genetic exchange under Column I with the explanation under Column II. Match list-1 with List-II:

	List I Process of reproduction and genetic exchange		List II Explanation
A	Binary Fission	I	Transfer of genetic material from the donor recipient bacterium through cell contact
B	Transformation	II	Common vegetative reproduction
C	Transduction	III	Transfer of genetic material in bacteria through virus
D	Conjugation	IV	Horizontal gene transfer by taking up of foreign genetic material (naked DNA)

• A. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
• B. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
• C. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
• D. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

To match the processes of reproduction and genetic exchange from List I with their explanations from List II, let's examine each item:

1. Binary Fission: This is the most common form of vegetative reproduction in bacteria. During binary fission, a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. Therefore, the correct explanation from List II is "II. Common vegetative reproduction."
2. Transformation: This process involves the horizontal gene transfer where bacteria take up foreign genetic material (naked DNA) from their environment. Thus, the explanation is "IV. Horizontal gene transfer by taking up of foreign genetic material (naked DNA)."
3. Transduction: In transduction, genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another by a bacteriophage (virus). This can be matched with "III. Transfer of genetic material in bacteria through virus."
4. Conjugation: This is the process where genetic material is transferred between bacterial cells through direct contact or a bridge-like connection. This matches with "I. Transfer of genetic material from the donor to the recipient bacterium through cell contact."

Based on this reasoning, the correct matches between List I and List II are:

• A-II: Binary Fission - Common vegetative reproduction
• B-IV: Transformation - Horizontal gene transfer by taking up of foreign genetic material (naked DNA)
• C-III: Transduction - Transfer of genetic material in bacteria through virus
• D-I: Conjugation - Transfer of genetic material from the donor recipient bacterium through cell contact

Therefore, the correct answer is A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I.