Question

Match the following 

• A. (A-II), (B-IV), (C-I), (D-III)
• B. (A-III), (B-II), (C-IV), (D-I)
• C. (A-III), (B-IV), (C-I), (D-II)
• D. (A-II), (B-III), (C-I), (D-IV)

Hint:

Eutrophication can result in oxygen depletion, causing harm to aquatic life. Biomagnification causes toxins to accumulate in higher trophic levels, which can be dangerous for predators, including humans.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Eutrophication (A) is the process where the enrichment of nutrients in a water body leads to an increase in plant growth, particularly algae. This increase in biological activity results in high demand for oxygen, depleting oxygen levels in the water.
Correct match: A - II (Demand of oxygen).

Biomagnification (B) refers to the increasing concentration of toxins (such as pesticides) as they move up the food chain. This occurs as organisms at each level accumulate toxins from their food sources.
Correct match: B - IV (Increasing pollutant concentration at successive trophic levels in the aquatic food chain).

BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) (C) is the amount of oxygen required by microorganisms to break down organic material in water. It helps in understanding the extent of organic pollution in water.
Correct match: C - I (Demand of oxygen).

Cultural eutrophication (D) is the acceleration of natural eutrophication due to human activities, such as pollution from fertilizers, sewage, and industrial waste. This speeds up the natural aging process of a lake.
Correct match: D - III (Human activity accelerates the aging process of a lake).

Thus, the correct answer is Option (4), where the matches are:

• A - II: Eutrophication → Demand of oxygen
• B - IV: Biomagnification → Increasing pollutant concentration at successive trophic levels
• C - I: BOD → Demand of oxygen
• D - III: Cultural eutrophication → Human activity accelerates the aging process of a lake