The matching requires identifying the work or contribution associated with each of the artists/scientists in the fields of sociology, urban studies, and public health:
(P) Robert Park and Louis Wirth → (4) Urban Ethnography
Robert Park and Louis Wirth were pioneers in urban sociology, and they are best known for their work on urban ethnography, where they studied the structure and functioning of urban communities.
(Q) Jacob August Riis → (3) Tenement Shelter Photography
Jacob August Riis was a social reformer and photographer who documented the living conditions in New York City's tenement housing, which led to significant reforms in housing and public health.
(R) Charles Booth → (1) Poverty Map
Charles Booth is best known for creating the poverty map of London, which depicted the levels of poverty in the city's districts and was used as a foundation for social reform.
(S) John Snow → (2) Cholera Map
John Snow, a pioneer in epidemiology, is famous for his work mapping the cholera outbreak in London in 1854, helping to identify the source of the disease.
Thus, the correct matching is: P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2, which corresponds to option (A).
