Question

Match LIST I with LIST II

List-I		List-II
A	Randomization is used in	I	Unbiased sampling
B	Randomization is not used in.	II	Probability sampling
C	If every element in the population has an equal chance to be part of the selected sample, then the sampling process is called	III	Biased sampling
D	If a sampling process systematically favours certain outcomes over others, then it is called	IV	Non-probability sampling

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

• A. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
• B. A-II, B-IV. C-III, D-I
• C. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
• D. A-II, B-IV,C-I, D-III

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

To solve the given matching problem between List-I and List-II, we need to understand the definitions and characteristics of the terms involved:

• Randomization is used in: This is related to probability sampling, where randomization ensures that every member of the population has a known, non-zero chance of being selected, making the process unbiased. Thus it matches with II. Probability sampling.
• Randomization is not used in: This refers to non-probability sampling, where the selection of samples is not by random chance, potentially leading to bias. This matches with IV. Non-probability sampling.
• If every element in the population has an equal chance to be part of the selected sample, then the sampling process is called: This describes unbiased sampling where randomization ensures equality of selection. Hence, it matches with I. Unbiased sampling.
• If a sampling process systematically favours certain outcomes over others, then it is called: This defines a biased approach, which intentionally or unintentionally gives preference to certain outcomes. Therefore, it is linked with III. Biased sampling.

After making these connections, the correct matches are:

• A-II: Randomization is used in Probability sampling.
• B-IV: Randomization is not used in Non-probability sampling.
• C-I: If every element in the population has an equal chance, it is Unbiased sampling.
• D-III: If a sampling process systematically favours certain outcomes, it is Biased sampling.

Thus, the correct answer is: A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III.