| LIST I | LIST II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Pragmatism | II | Practical experience & consequences as criteria for truth |
| B | Naturalism | IV | Scientific methods should be used to understand the world |
| C | Realism | III | Existence of an objective reality independent of human perception |
| D | Idealism | I | Reality is shaped by human perception and consciousness |
| LIST I | LIST II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Experimental research | I | Investigate cause and effect |
| B | Case study Research | IV | Examines behavior, events etc in depth |
| C | Longitudinal Research | III | Collects data from same subjects repeatedly over an extended period |
| D | Correlation Research | II | Studies relationship between variables |
| LIST I | LIST II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Validity | I | Ensure the test measures what it intends to measure consistently |
| B | Reliability | III | Consistency of test results when administered repeatedly |
| C | Objectivity | IV | The test is free from personal bias or influence |
| D | Fairness | II | The test treats all examinees equally |