Question

Match List-I with List-II 

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: 
 

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (IV), (C) - (III), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Remember the general rule for irradiation dosage: The smaller the target, the lower the dose needed. It takes a very low dose to stop a plant from sprouting. It takes a bit more to kill an insect. It takes a medium dose to kill bacteria. It takes a very high dose to kill the most resistant bacterial spores for complete sterilization.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Food irradiation is a process of exposing food to ionizing radiation. The applied dose, measured in kiloGrays (kGy), determines the effect. Different dose levels are used to achieve specific objectives, from inhibiting physiological processes to complete sterilization.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
The effects of different irradiation doses are generally categorized as follows:
- Low Dose (<1 kGy): Used for purposes like sprout inhibition and killing insects. - (A) 0.05-0.15 kGy is a very low dose specifically used for (III) Inhibition of sprouting in tubers and bulbs like potatoes and onions. - (D) 0.1-0.5 kGy is the dose range used for (II) Insect disinfestation in cereals, pulses, and fresh and dried fruits. - Medium Dose (1-10 kGy): Used to reduce spoilage microbes and eliminate non-spore-forming pathogens. - (C) 3.0-13 kGy falls in this range. A dose of 3-10 kGy is used for (I) Elimination of specific pathogens like {Salmonella} and {E. coli} in meat, poultry, and seafood (Radicidation). - High Dose (> 10 kGy): Used for commercial sterilization. - (B) 35-60 kGy is a high dose required for (IV) Sterilization of foods (Radappertization), making them shelf-stable without refrigeration, often for military or hospital use.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The correct pairings are: (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), and (D)-(II). This corresponds to option (B).