Question

Match List-I with List-II

\[ \begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline \textbf{List-I} & \textbf{List-II} \\ \hline (A) \; \text{Zener diode} & (I) \; \text{Negative resistance region} \\ (B) \; \text{Tunnel diode} & (II) \; \text{Voltage regulator} \\ (C) \; \text{Rectifier} & (III) \; \text{Pulsating d.c.} \\ (D) \; \text{Light emitting diode} & (IV) \; \text{Gallium Arsenide phosphide (GaAsP)} \\ \hline \end{array} \]
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)

Hint:

Associate each electronic component with its key unique feature:
Zener Diode \(\rightarrow\) Reverse Breakdown, Voltage Regulation
Tunnel Diode \(\rightarrow\) Heavy Doping, Negative Resistance
Rectifier \(\rightarrow\) AC to DC conversion, Pulsating DC Output
LED \(\rightarrow\) Light Emission, specific semiconductor materials for colors (e.g., GaAsP, GaN)

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question tests the knowledge of the primary application or characteristic property of various semiconductor devices.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze each device in List-I and find its corresponding match in List-II.

(A) Zener diode: A Zener diode is specifically designed to operate in the reverse breakdown region. In this region, it maintains a nearly constant voltage across its terminals regardless of the current flowing through it. This property makes it ideal for use as a voltage regulator. So, (A) matches with (II).

(B) Tunnel diode: A tunnel diode is a heavily doped p-n junction diode that exhibits the quantum mechanical effect of tunneling. Its most notable characteristic is a portion of its forward-bias I-V curve where the current decreases as the voltage increases. This is known as a negative resistance region. This property is utilized in making very high-frequency oscillators. So, (B) matches with (I).

(C) Rectifier: A rectifier is an electronic circuit that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). The output of a simple rectifier is not a steady DC but a pulsating d.c. voltage, which contains a DC component and some AC ripple. A filter is then used to smooth this output. So, (C) matches with (III).

(D) Light emitting diode (LED): An LED is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current passes through it. The color of the light depends on the semiconductor material used. Gallium Arsenide Phosphide (GaAsP) is a common material used to make red, orange, and yellow LEDs. So, (D) matches with (IV).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct pairings are:
(A) - (II)
(B) - (I)
(C) - (III)
(D) - (IV)
This corresponds to option (A).