Question

Match List-I with List-II
\begin{tabular{|l|l|} \hline List-I (Name of Interaction) & List-II (Species A, Species B)
\hline (A). Mutualism & (I). +, -
(B). Commensalism & (II). +, +
(C). Competition & (III). +, 0
(D). Predation & (IV). -, -
\hline \end{tabular}
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:}

• (A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (III), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV)

Hint:

Create a simple chart to memorize these interactions. Associating them with real-world examples helps: Mutualism (bees and flowers), Commensalism (orchids on trees), Competition (lions and hyenas), Predation (lion and zebra).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question requires matching ecological interactions with their symbolic representation. The symbols indicate the effect on each species: '+' for benefit, '-' for harm, and '0' for no effect.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- (A) Mutualism: An interaction where both species benefit. Symbol: (II) +, +.
- (B) Commensalism: An interaction where one species benefits, and the other is unaffected. Symbol: (III) +, 0.
- (C) Competition: An interaction where both species are harmed as they compete for the same limited resources. Symbol: (IV) -, -.
- (D) Predation: An interaction where one species (the predator) benefits by hunting and killing another species (the prey), which is harmed. Symbol: (I) +, -. (This also applies to parasitism).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching is:
(A) → (II)
(B) → (III)
(C) → (IV)
(D) → (I)
This corresponds to option (B).