Question

Match List-I with List-II
\[\begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline \textbf{List-I} & \textbf{List-II} \\ \text{Theory, Title etc.} & \text{Thinker} \\ \hline \hline \text{(A). Utilitarianism} & \text{(I). Immanuel Kant} \\ \hline \text{(B). Father of Modern Philosophy} & \text{(II). Baruch Spinoza} \\ \hline \text{(C). Empiricism and Rationality} & \text{(III). J.S. Mill} \\ \hline \text{(D). Pantheism} & \text{(IV). Rene Descartes} \\ \hline \end{array}\]
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

For philosophy questions, create flashcards with a philosopher on one side and their key concepts, major work, and philosophical school on the other. For example: Descartes -> "Father of Modern Philosophy", Rationalism, "Cogito, ergo sum".

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question requires matching key philosophical concepts and titles with their associated thinkers.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's match each item from List-I to the correct thinker in List-II.
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{(A) Utilitarianism: This ethical theory, which promotes actions that maximize happiness and well-being, is most famously associated with Jeremy Bentham and (III) J.S. Mill. } \\ \bullet & \text{(B) Father of Modern Philosophy: This title is widely given to (IV) Rene Descartes, whose work marked a significant departure from the Scholastic tradition and laid the groundwork for 17th-century rationalism. } \\ \bullet & \text{(C) Empiricism and Rationality: The philosophy of (I) Immanuel Kant is renowned for synthesizing these two opposing schools of thought. He argued that knowledge arises from experience (empiricism) but is structured by innate mental categories (rationalism). } \\ \bullet & \text{(D) Pantheism: This is the philosophical belief that reality is identical with divinity, or that God is everything and everything is God. It is a central tenet of the philosophy of (II) Baruch Spinoza. } \\ \end{array}\] The correct pairings are: (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II).

Step 3: Final Answer:
This combination corresponds to option (D).