Lucas test is used to distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol. This test is based upon relative reactivites of various alcohols towards conc. $HCl$ in presence of $ZnCl_2$ (Lucas reagent).
$R- OH + HCl \xrightarrow{ ZnCl _{2}} R Cl + H _{2} O$
* If cloudiness appears immediately, tertiary alcohol is indicated.
* If cloudiness appears within five minutes, secondary alcohol is indicated.
* If cloudiness appears only upon heating primary alcohol is indicated.
Besides this Victor Meyer test is also used to differentiate between $p, s$ and $t$ alcohol.
Alcohol is formed when a saturated carbon atom bonds to a hydroxyl (-OH) group. It is an organic compound that contains a hydroxyl functional group attached to a carbon atom.
Phenol is formed when the -OH group replaces the hydrogen atom in benzene. It is an organic compound in which a hydroxyl group directly attaches to an aromatic hydrocarbon.
Ether is formed when oxygen atom bonds to two alkyl or aryl groups. It is an organic compound that has an oxygen atom that is connected to two aryl and alkyl groups.
