Question

Low earth orbit crosses the equator at:

• A. 45$^\circ$
• B. 60$^\circ$
• C. 90$^\circ$
• D. 105$^\circ$

Hint:

LEO polar orbits cross the equator at 90$^\circ$ for global coverage.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

To determine the angle at which a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite crosses the equator, we need to understand the characteristics of LEO. These orbits generally range from approximately 160 to 2,000 kilometers above Earth's surface and are typically inclined to ensure global coverage over the Earth’s surface throughout their operational period.

When a satellite is in a polar orbit, it passes over the equator twice per orbit, at two points separated by 180 degrees. However, the equatorial crossing at 90 degrees indicates that the orbit is neither too steep nor shallow. Thus, in terms of the four options given:

• 45° — This angle is not significant for equatorial crossings of LEO satellites.
• 60° — Similarly, this angle is not applicable for equatorial crossings.
• 90° — At this angle, the satellite crosses the equator perpendicularly, which is typically the inclination of a polar orbit that represents the maximum angle of inclination in relation to the equator for global coverage purposes.
• 105° — Exceeds the typical inclination for a pure LEO crossing over the equator.

Thus, the correct answer where LEO crosses the equator is at: 90°