The number of distinct relations on a set $A$ is given by $2^{n^2}$, where $n$ is the number of elements in the set. Here, $A = \{1, 2, 3\}$, so $n = 3$.
Thus, the number of relations is: \[ \text{Number of relations} = 2^{n^2} = 2^{3^2} = 2^9 = 512 \]
Digital signatures provide ________.