खालील सारणी पूर्ण करा :
अ. क्र. सामान्य नाव रचना सूत्र आ. यू. पी. ए. सी. नाव 1. एथिलीन \(CH_2= CH_2\) एथीन 2. अॅसिटिलीन \(HC ≡ CH\) एथाइन 3. अॅसिटिक आम्ल \(CH_3–COOH\) एथॅनोइक आम्ल 4. मिथाइल अल्कोहोल \(CH_3–OH\) मिथॅनॉल 5. अॅसिटोन \(CH_3–CO–CH_3\) प्रोपेन-2-ओन
खालील सारणी पूर्ण करा :
| अ. क्र. | सामान्य नाव | रचना सूत्र | आ. यू. पी. ए. सी. नाव |
| 1. | एथिलीन | \(CH_2= CH_2\) | एथीन |
| 2. | अॅसिटिलीन | \(HC ≡ CH\) | एथाइन |
| 3. | अॅसिटिक आम्ल | \(CH_3–COOH\) | एथॅनोइक आम्ल |
| 4. | मिथाइल अल्कोहोल | \(CH_3–OH\) | मिथॅनॉल |
| 5. | अॅसिटोन | \(CH_3–CO–CH_3\) | प्रोपेन-2-ओन |
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Solution and Explanation
Step 1: स्पष्टीकरण.
ही सर्व संयुगे कार्बनी संयुगे आहेत. त्यांची नावे व रचना त्यांच्या कार्बन साखळीतील बंधप्रकार व कार्यगटावर (Functional Group) अवलंबून असतात.
Step 2: विश्लेषण.
- एथिलीन (CH2=CH2) — दुहेरी बंध असल्यामुळे हे अल्कीन गटात येते; IUPAC नाव एथीन.
- अॅसिटिलीन (HC≡CH) — त्रिक बंध असल्यामुळे हे अल्काइन गटात येते; IUPAC नाव एथाइन.
- अॅसिटिक आम्ल (CH3COOH) — कार्बॉक्सिल गट असल्यामुळे हे कार्बॉक्सिलिक आम्ल आहे; IUPAC नाव एथॅनोइक आम्ल.
- मिथाइल अल्कोहोल (CH3OH) — हायड्रॉक्सिल गट असल्यामुळे हे अल्कोहोल आहे; IUPAC नाव मिथॅनॉल.
- अॅसिटोन (CH3COCH3) — कीटोन गट असल्यामुळे हे कीटोन आहे; IUPAC नाव प्रोपेन-2-ओन.
Step 3: निष्कर्ष.
प्रत्येक संयुगाचे IUPAC नाव हे त्याच्या रासायनिक रचनेवर आणि उपस्थित कार्यगटावर आधारित असते.
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