Is there any change in the hybridisation of B and N atoms as a result of the following reaction?
\(BF_3+ NH_3 \rightarrow F_3B.NH_3\)
\(BF_3+ NH_3 \rightarrow F_3B.NH_3\)
Solution and Explanation
Boron atom in \(BF_3\) is \(sp ^2\) hybridized. The orbital picture of boron in the excited state can be shown as:
Nitrogen atom in \(NH_3\) is \(sp ^3\) hybridized. The orbital picture of nitrogen can be represented as:
After the reaction has occurred, an adduct \(F_3B\), \(NH_3\) is formed as hybridization of \('B'\) changes to \(sp^3\) . However, the hybridization of \('N'\) remains intact.
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Concepts Used:
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Such a group of atoms is called a molecule. Obviously, there must be some force that holds these constituent atoms together in the molecules. The attractive force which holds various constituents (atoms, ions, etc.) together in different chemical species is called a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds:
There are 4 types of chemical bonds which are formed by atoms or molecules to yield compounds.
- Ionic Bonds - Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding which involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another.
- Covalent Bonds - Compounds that contain carbon commonly exhibit this type of chemical bonding.
- Hydrogen Bonds - It is a type of polar covalent bonding between oxygen and hydrogen wherein the hydrogen develops a partial positive charge
- Polar Bonds - In Polar Covalent chemical bonding, electrons are shared unequally since the more electronegative atom pulls the electron pair closer to itself and away from the less electronegative atom.
Factors Affecting Bond Enthalpy in Chemical Bonding:
- Size of the Atom
- Multiplicity of Bonds
- Number of Lone Pair of Electrons Present
- Bond Angle