Question:

In X- H ----- Y, X and Y both are electronegative elements

Updated On: Mar 7, 2024

Electro density on X will increase and on H will decrease
In both electron density will increase
In both electron density will decrease
On X electron density will decrease and on H increases

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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

The correct option is(A): Electro density on X will increase and on H will decrease.
In the context of X-H---Y, 'H' forms a direct bond with 'X' while also engaging in a hydrogen bond with 'Y.' Given that both 'X' and 'Y' are electronegative elements with a tendency to attract electrons, the electron density is skewed toward them. In particular, because 'X' forms a direct bond with 'H,' it exerts a stronger pull on electron density, resulting in an increase in electron density on 'X' and a corresponding decrease in electron density on 'H.'

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Concepts Used:

Chemical Properties - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Alcohols, phenols, and ethers are organic compounds that have distinct chemical properties.

Alcohols are characterized by the presence of the hydroxyl (-OH) functional group, which makes them polar and capable of forming hydrogen bonds. They are typically classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary, depending on the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon atom bearing the hydroxyl group. Alcohols undergo various chemical reactions, including oxidation, dehydration, and esterification.

Phenols are organic compounds that contain an -OH group attached to an aromatic ring. They are weaker acids than carboxylic acids but stronger acids than alcohols due to the resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion. Phenols undergo various chemical reactions, including electrophilic substitution and oxidation.

Ethers are organic compounds that contain an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. They are characterized by their low boiling points and are often used as solvents. Ethers undergo various chemical reactions, including cleavage of the C-O bond and oxidation.

In summary, alcohols, phenols, and ethers have distinct chemical properties due to the presence of the hydroxyl or ether functional group. Understanding these properties is important for understanding their reactivity and potential applications in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and industry.