Question:
In Williamson synthesis if tertiary alkyl halide is used than
In Williamson synthesis if tertiary alkyl halide is used than
Updated On: Apr 26, 2024
- ether is obtained in good yield
- ether is obtained in poor yield
- alkene is the only reaction pro
- a mixture of alkene as a major product and ether as a minor product forms.
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
If a tertiary alkyl halide is used, an alkene is the only reaction product and no ether is formed. For example, the reaction of $CH_3ONa$ with $(CH_3)3_C-Br$ gives exclusively 2-methylpropene.
It is because alkoxides are not only nucleophiles but strong bases as well. They react with alkyl halides leading to elimination reactions.
It is because alkoxides are not only nucleophiles but strong bases as well. They react with alkyl halides leading to elimination reactions.
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Concepts Used:
Ethers
A class of organic compounds that mostly contain an ether group in which the oxygen atom is bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups are referred to as Ethers. For the same, C-O-C is the functional group.
Chemical Properties of Ether:
Ethers are less polar as well as less reactive, and they do not react with active metals (Na, K), cold dilute acid, oxidizing and reducing agents or other chemicals.
The reason is that they do not have an active functional group.
- Because of the presence of a lone pair on the oxygen atom, ether has a basic nature and behaves like a Lewis base. Formation of oxonium ion occurs when ethers react with cold conc. acid. Ethers, such as BF3, AICI3, and RMgX, form a dative bond with Lewis acid.
- There is a significant difference between the boiling points of ethanol and dimethyl ether. Ethanol has very much higher boiling point of 78 degrees Celsius, whereas dimethyl ether has a negative 25 degrees boiling point. And this explains the molecules' state of matter.
- Ethanol is, of course, a liquid at room temperature and pressure because its boiling point is higher than room temperature. On the other hand, Dimethyl ether already has turned into a gas due to its much lower boiling point.