Question

In which of the following cases the Supreme Court propounded the principle of basic structure of the Constitution?

• A. Golaknath case
• B. Keshavanand Bharati case
• C. S.R. Bommai case
• D. Maneka Gandhi case

Hint:

Basic Structure $\rightarrow$ 1973; memorize 2--3 core features often cited: supremacy of Constitution, republican and democratic form, secularism, separation of powers, federalism, judicial review.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Core holding. In {Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala} (1973), a 13-judge bench held that Parliament’s amending power under Article 368 cannot alter the Constitution’s {basic structure} (e.g., supremacy of the Constitution, separation of powers, federalism, judicial review).

Step 2: Distinguish other famous cases. {Golaknath} (1967) limited amendment of FRs (later reversed); {Maneka} (1978) expanded Art. 21 due process; {Bommai} (1994) checked misuse of Art. 356 and emphasized federalism—none coined the doctrine.

Step 3: Conclude. \[ \boxed{\text{Kesavananda Bharati (Option B).}} \]