Question

In solid state, nitrogen exists in two different allotropic forms ($\alpha$ and $\beta$). Give an idea regarding their shapes and stability.

• A. \(\alpha\) (hexagonal) is more stable than \(\beta\) (cubic)
• B. \(\alpha\) (hexagonal) is less stable than \(\beta\) (cubic)
• C. \(\alpha\) (cubic) is more stable than \(\beta\) (hexagonal)
• D. \(\alpha\) (cubic) is less stable than \(\beta\) (hexagonal)

Hint:

The stability of allotropes depends on their crystal structure and the strength of interactions between the molecules. Hexagonal forms tend to be more stable due to efficient packing.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the allotropes.
Nitrogen exists in two allotropic forms in the solid state: the \(\alpha\)-form (hexagonal) and the \(\beta\)-form (cubic). These allotropes differ in their molecular arrangements in the crystal lattice.
Step 2: Stability comparison.
The \(\alpha\)-form, which is hexagonal, is more stable than the \(\beta\)-form, which is cubic. This is due to the packing and the strength of bonds between nitrogen molecules in the respective lattice structures.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The hexagonal \(\alpha\)-form of nitrogen is more stable in the solid state than the cubic \(\beta\)-form because the molecular packing in the hexagonal structure is more efficient, leading to greater stability.