In recent years,DNA sequences (nucleotide sequence) of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution,because:
In recent years,DNA sequences (nucleotide sequence) of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution,because:
- They are small,and therefore,easy to study
- They are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination
- Their structure is known in greater detail
- They can be studied from the samples of fossil remains
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) and the Y chromosome are inherited in a uniparental manner. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited exclusively from the mother, and the Y chromosome is inherited exclusively from the father. They do not undergo genetic recombination, unlike nuclear DNA. This lack of recombination makes them valuable for tracking specific genetic lineages and ancestry over time, making them useful tools in the study of human evolution.
So, the correct option is (B): They are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination
Top Questions on the molecular basis of inheritance
- In a DNA molecule, if the percentage of adenine (A) is 30\%, what is the percentage of cytosine (C)?
- MHT CET - 2025
- Biology
- the molecular basis of inheritance
- Who proved transforming principle?
- MHT CET - 2025
- Biology
- the molecular basis of inheritance
- Nucleosome is associated with ______ molecules of histones.
- CUET (UG) - 2024
- Biology
- the molecular basis of inheritance
- Which of the following statements is correct regarding the number of codons and their degeneracy?
- MHT CET - 2024
- Biology
- the molecular basis of inheritance
- Which of the following factors ensures that coding for the same amino acid, such as methionine and valine, using identical anticodons remains non-ambiguous?
- MHT CET - 2024
- Biology
- the molecular basis of inheritance
Questions Asked in NEET exam
A sphere of radius R is cut from a larger solid sphere of radius 2R as shown in the figure. The ratio of the moment of inertia of the smaller sphere to that of the rest part of the sphere about the Y-axis is :
- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Moment Of Inertia
Predict the major product $ P $ in the following sequence of reactions:
(i) HBr, benzoyl peroxide
(ii) KCN
(iii) Na(Hg), $C_{2}H_{5}OH$- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Organic Chemistry
AB is a part of an electrical circuit (see figure). The potential difference \(V_A - V_B\), at the instant when current \(i = 2\) A and is increasing at a rate of 1 amp/second is:
- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Electromagnetic Induction and Inductance
- A wire of resistance \(R\) is cut into 8 equal pieces. From these pieces, two equivalent resistances are made by adding four of these together in parallel. Then these two are added in series. The net effective resistance of the combination is:
- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Resistance
- Consider the diameter of a spherical object being measured with the help of a Vernier Callipers. Suppose its 10 Vernier Scale Divisions (V.S.D.) are equal to its 9 Main Scale Divisions (M.S.D.). The least count in the M.S. is 0.1 cm and the zero of V.S. is at -0.1 cm when the jaws of Vernier callipers are closed. If the main scale reading for the diameter is \(M = 5\) cm and the number of coinciding vernier division is 8, the measured diameter after zero error correction, is:
- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Measurement of length
Concepts Used:
Human Genome Project
The Human Genome Project was an international research effort designed to map out the DNA sequence of an entire human genome. It was the first undertaking of its kind and took over a decade to complete. The goal of the Human Genome project was to sequence and identify the entire Human genome. And then store the entire genome information in a database. The Human Genome Project required improvement tools for data analysis.
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international, collaborative research program whose goal was the complete mapping and understanding of all the genes of human beings. All our genes together are known as our "genome."
Goals of the Human Genome Project
The HGP set out to establish the following goals:
- First, to identify all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes that make up the human DNA.
- Map out the genome sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that comprise the human DNA.
- Ensure the storage of the derived information in genome sequence databases.
- Optimize the tools required for the data analysis process.
- Handle the ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) that may arise during the project.
The shotgun phase of the Human Genome Project itself consisted of three steps:
- Obtaining a DNA clone to sequence
- Sequencing the DNA clone
- Assembling sequence data from multiple clones to determine overlap and establish a contiguous sequence
Impact of Human Genome Research
The Human Genome Project will entirely reshape the approach to all biomedical research as well as therapeutic and preventive health care. The development in fields like bioinformatics and biostatistics will allow for better pattern detection and analysis of genetic disorders.
Students interested in a deeper analysis of the Human Genome Project can visit the official website created by the National Institute of Health.