Question

In modern CNC machine tools, the backlash has been eliminated by

• A. preloaded ballscrews
• B. rack and pinion
• C. ratchet and pinion
• D. slider crank mechanism

Hint:

In modern CNC machine tools, preloaded ballscrews are essential for eliminating backlash and ensuring the precision of the machining process.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Backlash is the term used to describe the slight movement or play that occurs between mechanical components like the lead screw and nut in CNC machines. This play can cause inaccuracies in the position of the machine, affecting precision.
To eliminate backlash in modern CNC machine tools, preloaded ballscrews are commonly used. Here's why:
- Preloaded Ballscrews: In this design, the ballnut and lead screw are preloaded, meaning there is no gap between them. This preload ensures that there is no backlash (the slight play) in the system, resulting in more precise and accurate movement. Preloaded ballscrews are widely used in CNC machines to eliminate backlash, ensuring higher precision in machining.
- Rack and Pinion and Ratchet and Pinion systems are less common in CNC machines for precise movements and are not typically used to eliminate backlash.
- Slider Crank Mechanism is a mechanical link used in some machines, but it is not used for backlash compensation in CNC tools.
Thus, the correct method to eliminate backlash in CNC machine tools is (A) preloaded ballscrews.