Question:

In lithosere, foliose lichens make the conditions favourable for the growth of

Updated On: Jul 6, 2022
  • crustose lichens
  • mosses
  • annual grasses
  • perennial grasses
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

In lithosere (xerosere or xerarch), the pioneer community is usually constituted by crustose lichens (e.g., Graphis, Rhizocarpon). Foliose lichens (e.g., Dermatocarpon, Parmelia) kill the crustose lichens by shading them, cause deeper depressions and accumulate more soil particles and organic matter. Foliose lichens make the conditions favourable for the growth of hardy mosses (e.g., Tortula, Grimmia).
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Concepts Used:

Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of ecology where the living organisms come in to interact with each other and the surrounding environment.

Structure of the Ecosystem:

The structure of an ecosystem is distinguished by the organization of both biotic and abiotic components. This involves the distribution of energy in our environment. It also comprises the climatic conditions prevailing in that particular environment. 

There are two main components of the structure of an ecosystem, namely: 

  • Biotic Components
  • Abiotic Components

The biotic and abiotic components are interconnected in an ecosystem. It is an open system where the energy and components can flow through the boundaries.