Detritivores breakdown detritus into smaller particles. This process is called:
- Catabolism
- Fragmentation
- Humification
- Decomposition
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
In biology, detritivores play a crucial role in the ecosystem by processing detritus, which is dead organic matter, into smaller particles. This essential function helps enhance the decomposition process and recycling of nutrients. The mechanism whereby detritivores such as earthworms, millipedes, or certain beetles break down detritus into smaller fragments is specifically known as Fragmentation. Although similar-sounding processes like catabolism, humification, and decomposition are also part of nutrient cycling, they differ in their specific functions:
- Catabolism involves the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, usually releasing energy. It's more applicable to cellular metabolic processes rather than ecosystem nutrient cycling.
- Humification is the process through which humus is formed, involving the decomposition of organic matter to a stable organic substance in soil.
- Decomposition is the overall biological breakdown of organic matter into simpler organic or inorganic substances, driven by both microbial activity and physical breakdown by detritivores.
Thus, the correct term for the detritivores' action of breaking down detritus into smaller particles is Fragmentation.
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Concepts Used:
Ecosystem
An ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of ecology where the living organisms come in to interact with each other and the surrounding environment.
Structure of the Ecosystem:
The structure of an ecosystem is distinguished by the organization of both biotic and abiotic components. This involves the distribution of energy in our environment. It also comprises the climatic conditions prevailing in that particular environment.
There are two main components of the structure of an ecosystem, namely:
- Biotic Components
- Abiotic Components
The biotic and abiotic components are interconnected in an ecosystem. It is an open system where the energy and components can flow through the boundaries.