Question

In higher vertebrates, the immune system can distinguish self-cells and non-self. If this property is lost due to genetic abnormality and it attacks self-cells, then it leads to

• A. Graft rejection
• B. Auto-immune disease
• C. Active immunity
• D. Allergic response

Hint:

 Our body can defend itself from most foreign agents as a result of immunity. Immunity can be classified as Innate immunity and Acquired immunity. 

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The correct option is B) Auto-immune disease. 

Autoimmunity is a disorder of the defense mechanism of the body. In this condition, an immune response is elicited against the body's own tissues, which are thereby damaged or destroyed. Autoimmunity may be caused due to genetic or environmental factors. If the ability to distinguish between self and non-self is lost, immune cells can attack our own body cells, leading to autoimmune disease.

• Common symptoms include low-grade fever and fatigue.
• So, the correct answer is 'Autoimmune disease'.

Answer 2

Hint: Our body can defend itself from most foreign agents as a result of immunity. Immunity can be classified as Innate immunity and Acquired immunity. 
Complete answer:

• Paul Ehrlich realized that the immune system can sometimes attack self-cells instead of reacting against foreign antigens.
• This results in an inappropriate response known as autoimmunity.
• Auto-immunity can cause damage to our bodies leading to auto-immune diseases.

In higher vertebrates, the immune system can distinguish between self-cells and non-self. If the property is lost due to a genetic abnormality and it attacks self-cells then it leads to B) Auto-immune disease.