The question asks about the language used to retrieve stored information in GIS, which can be either spatial data or associated tabular data. The most common language used for querying databases in GIS is SQL (Structured Query Language).
SQL is a domain-specific language used in programming and managing data held in a relational database management system. It is particularly useful for handling structured data where relations between entities and variables are mapped out.
In the context of Geographic Information Systems, SQL enables users to perform various tasks such as:
Therefore, the correct answer to the provided options is SQL.