Question:

In curing cement plasters water is sprinkled from time to time. This helps in :

Updated On: Jul 2, 2022
  • keeping it cool
  • developing interlocking needle-like crystals of hydrated silicates
  • hydrating sand and gravel mixed with cement
  • converting sand into silicic acid
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

$CaSO _{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} H _{2} O +1 \frac{1}{2} H _{2} O \stackrel{\text { Setting }}{\longrightarrow}$ $\underset{\text{Gypsum (orthorhombic)}}{{CaSO _{4} \cdot 2 H _{2} O}} \stackrel{\text { Hardening }}{\longrightarrow} \underset{\text { Gypsum monoclinic)}}{{ CaSO _{4} \cdot 2 H _{2} O }}$
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Concepts Used:

Group 1 Elements

Group one of alkali metals is s-block elements with just one electron in their s-orbital. They are are alkali metals. They are named so because of the alkaline nature of the hydroxides and oxides.

Alkali metals are characterized by one s-electron in the valence shell of their atoms.

Alkali metals have a corresponding [Noble gas] ns1 electronic configuration. They occupy the first column of the periodic table. Alkali elements are:

  • Lithium(Li)
  • Sodium(Na)
  • Potassium (K)
  • Rubidium (Ru)
  • Cesium (Cs)
  • Francium (Fr)

They have occupied successive periods from first to seven. Francium is a radioactive element with very low half-life.

Electronic Configuration:

  • Alkali metals have one electron in their valence shell.
  • The electronic configuration is given by ns1. For example, the electronic configuration of lithium is given by 1ns1 2ns1.
  • They tend to lose the outer shell electron to form cations with charge +1 (monovalent ions).

This makes them the most electropositive elements and due to the same reason, they are not found in the pure state.