Question:

In a survey of $100$ students, the number of students studying the various languages were found to be : English only $18$, English but not Hindi $23$, English and Sanskrit $8$, English $26$, Sanskrit $48$, Sanskrit and Hindi $8$, no language $24$. Find How many students were studying English and Hindi?

Updated On: Jul 6, 2022
  • $2$
  • $5$
  • $4$
  • $3$
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

We have, $a = 18$, $a + d = 23$, $d + e = 8$, $a + b + d+ e = 26$, $d + e + f + g = 48$, $e + f= 8$, $a + b + c + d + e + f + g$ $= 100 - 24 = 76$ $\therefore a = 18$, $b = 0$, $c= 10$, $d = 5$, $e = 3$, $f = 5$ and $g = 35$ $n (H \cap E) = b + e = 3$
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Concepts Used:

Sets

Set is the collection of well defined objects. Sets are represented by capital letters, eg. A={}. Sets are composed of elements which could be numbers, letters, shapes, etc.

Example of set: Set of vowels A={a,e,i,o,u}

Representation of Sets

There are three basic notation or representation of sets are as follows:

Statement Form: The statement representation describes a statement to show what are the elements of a set.

  • For example, Set A is the list of the first five odd numbers.

Roster Form: The form in which elements are listed in set. Elements in the set is seperatrd by comma and enclosed within the curly braces.

  • For example represent the set of vowels in roster form.

A={a,e,i,o,u}

Set Builder Form: 

  1. The set builder representation has a certain rule or a statement that specifically describes the common feature of all the elements of a set.
  2. The set builder form uses a vertical bar in its representation, with a text describing the character of the elements of the set.
  3. For example, A = { k | k is an even number, k ≤ 20}. The statement says, all the elements of set A are even numbers that are less than or equal to 20.
  4. Sometimes a ":" is used in the place of the "|".