Question

If a geneticist uses the blind approach for sequencing the whole genome of an organism, followed by assignment of functions to different segment, the methodology adopted by him is called as:

• A. Sequence annotation
• B. Gene mapping
• C. Expressed sequence tags
• D. Bioinformatics

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The methodology used in this scenario is called "Sequence annotation." Let's break down why this is the correct choice:

When a geneticist sequences the entire genome of an organism without prior knowledge of its segments, this is known as the "blind approach." Once the sequencing is completed, identifying the locations and functions of genes within the DNA sequences is necessary. This process is referred to as sequence annotation.

Sequence annotation involves:

• Identifying genes and their start and stop locations within a DNA sequence.
• Assigning functional roles to these genes based on known genetic data and existing databases.
• Predicting the presence of RNA elements and other sequence motifs.

This method is distinct from:

• Gene mapping: Involves determining the specific locations of genes on a chromosome, often used for understanding genetic markers or variations rather than assigning function directly.
• Expressed sequence tags (ESTs): Short sub-sequences of cDNA used to help identify gene transcripts, not indicative of entire genome sequencing.
• Bioinformatics: A broader field that employs computational tools to analyze genetic information, which may involve sequence annotation but is not limited to it.

In summary, the process described fits the definition of sequence annotation, as it involves both the identification and functional assignment of genomic elements post-sequencing.