Question

Identify the facets of intelligence in the Indian tradition from the following options:
(A) Cognitive capacity
(B) Social competence
(C) Emotional competence
(D) Individualistic orientation
(E) Entrepreneurial competence
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B), (C) and (D) only
• B. (B), (C), (D) and (E) only
• C. (A), (B), (C) and (E) Only
• D. (A), (C), (D) and (E) only

Hint:

Remember that non-Western concepts of intelligence are often broader and more integrated with social and cultural values than standard Western IQ-based models. The Indian concept of \textit{buddhi} is a prime example of this holistic approach.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Indian tradition conceptualizes intelligence in a holistic manner, often referred to as \textit{buddhi}. Unlike many Western models that focus primarily on cognitive abilities, the Indian concept integrates cognitive, social, emotional, and practical aspects of life. It views intelligence as being tied to the well-being of the self and the larger society.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Based on the Indian tradition, intelligence comprises several key facets:

(A) Cognitive capacity: This includes skills like understanding, discrimination, problem-solving, and effective communication (\textit{Viveka}).
(B) Social competence: This involves skills like respect for elders and social order, concern for others, and empathy (\textit{Samajika chetna}).
(C) Emotional competence: This includes self-regulation, self-monitoring of emotions, honesty, and politeness (\textit{Sama/Dama}).
(E) Entrepreneurial competence: This refers to qualities like commitment, persistence, patience, hard work, and vigilance (\textit{Udyama}).
(D) Individualistic orientation is generally considered a characteristic of Western cultural perspectives, which prioritize individual achievement and independence. In contrast, many Indian traditions emphasize interconnectedness and collective well-being. Therefore, it is not considered a core facet of intelligence in the Indian tradition.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct facets of intelligence in the Indian tradition from the given options are (A) Cognitive capacity, (B) Social competence, (C) Emotional competence, and (E) Entrepreneurial competence. This corresponds to option (3).