Monochlorination involves replacing one hydrogen atom with a chlorine atom. We need to consider all possible positions where chlorine can substitute a hydrogen and whether any of these substitutions create a stereocenter.
1. Chlorination at C1: CH2Cl-CH2-CH2-CH3. This is 1-chlorobutane.
2. Chlorination at C2: CH3-CHCl-CH2-CH3. This is 2-chlorobutane. Since C2 becomes a chiral center, there are two stereoisomers (enantiomers): (R)-2-chlorobutane and (S)-2-chlorobutane.
3. Chlorination at C3: CH3-CH2-CHCl-CH3. This is also 2-chlorobutane (same as chlorination at C2 when considering connectivity). The molecule now has a chiral center, again producing two stereoisomers: (R)-2-chlorobutane and (S)-2-chlorobutane.
4. Chlorination at C4: CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2Cl. This is 1-chlorobutane, identical to the product from C1 chlorination.
Therefore, there are three distinct monochlorinated products: 1-chlorobutane, (R)-2-chlorobutane, and (S)-2-chlorobutane. The number of products including stereoisomers is 3.
A hydrocarbon which does not belong to the same homologous series of carbon compounds is
A sphere of radius R is cut from a larger solid sphere of radius 2R as shown in the figure. The ratio of the moment of inertia of the smaller sphere to that of the rest part of the sphere about the Y-axis is :
A constant voltage of 50 V is maintained between the points A and B of the circuit shown in the figure. The current through the branch CD of the circuit is :