Step 1: Understanding the dynasties of Vijayanagara.
The Vijayanagara Empire was ruled by four major dynasties: the Sangama dynasty, the Saluva dynasty, the Tuluva dynasty, and the Aravidu dynasty. These dynasties together ruled the empire from its founding in 1336 until its decline in 1646.
Step 2: Analyzing the options.
(A) 2: Incorrect. There were more than two dynasties in the Vijayanagara Empire.
(B) 4: Correct. The Vijayanagara Empire was ruled by four dynasties: Sangama, Saluva, Tuluva, and Aravidu.
(C) 6: Incorrect. Only four dynasties ruled the empire.
(D) 8: Incorrect. There were not eight dynasties in the Vijayanagara Empire.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (B) 4, as four dynasties ruled the Vijayanagara Empire.