Gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants that do not produce flowers, and they are classified into four main classes:
1. Cycadopsida (Cycads): This group includes tropical and subtropical plants known for their large, feathery leaves and cones.
2. Ginkgopsida (Ginkgoes): This group is represented by a single living species, Ginkgo biloba, known for its fan-shaped leaves and resistance to environmental stress.
3. Pinopsida (Conifers): Conifers are the largest group of gymnosperms, with needle-like leaves and cones, including pine trees, firs, and spruces.
4. Gnetopsida (Gnetum and related genera): This class includes tropical trees, shrubs, and vines like Gnetum, which have some angiosperm-like features such as vessel elements in their xylem. Thus, there are four classes in gymnosperms.