The Central Nervous System (CNS) communicates with other parts of the body through the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and the Autonomous Nervous System (ANS). The PNS consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves that connect the CNS to different body parts. The ANS controls involuntary actions like heartbeat and breathing by sending signals to internal organs. Two components: 1. Brain 2. Spinal cord