Question

How do ``water availability'' and ``industrialisation'' influence the distribution of world population? Explain with examples.

Hint:

Water + Industry = Population concentration.

Answer 1

Concept: Availability of water is a key physical factor, while industrialisation is a major economic factor influencing population distribution globally. Influence of Water Availability:

• Essential for Life:
  Water is required for drinking, agriculture, and industry, making it a primary factor for settlement.
• River Valleys as Population Hubs:
  Fertile river valleys support agriculture and dense settlements.
  Example: Nile Valley, Ganga Plain, Yangtze Basin.
• Water Scarcity Leads to Sparse Population:
  Arid regions with limited water have low population density.
  Example: Sahara Desert, Arabian Peninsula.

Influence of Industrialisation:

• Job Creation:
  Industries generate employment, attracting large populations.
  Example: Western Europe, USA, Japan.
• Urban Growth:
  Industrial centres develop into major urban areas, increasing population density.
• Economic Development:
  Industrial regions offer better income and living standards, drawing migrants.

Conclusion:
Regions with abundant water and strong industrial bases tend to have dense populations, while dry and non-industrial areas remain sparsely populated.