Hosts of parasites evolve effective immune responses to infection, which in turn results in those parasites evolving increased infectiousness towards the hosts. Which one of the following processes describes this type of interaction between hosts and parasites?
Show Hint
- Co-evolution
- Quorum sensing
- Convergent evolution
- Character displacement
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Co-evolution is a process where two or more species influence each other's evolutionary development. In the case of hosts and parasites, the host evolves defenses against the parasite, and in response, the parasite evolves ways to overcome the host's defenses. This leads to an ongoing "arms race" between the two.
Step 2: Explanation of the other options.
- Quorum sensing: A mechanism of bacterial communication used to coordinate behavior based on population density.
- Convergent evolution: Refers to unrelated species developing similar traits due to adapting to similar environments or ecological niches.
- Character displacement: Involves changes in species traits due to competition, often seen when closely related species coexist in the same area.
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Questions Asked in GATE EY exam
- An organization allows its employees to work independently on consultancy projects but charges an overhead on the consulting fee.
The overhead is 20% of the consulting fee if the fee is up to ₹5,00,000.
For higher fees, the overhead is ₹1,00,000 plus 10% of the amount by which the fee exceeds ₹5,00,000.
The government charges a Goods and Services Tax (GST) of 18% on the total amount (i.e., the consulting fee plus the overhead).
An employee of the organization charges this entire amount — that is, the consulting fee, overhead, and tax — to the client.
If the client cannot pay more than ₹10,00,000, what is the maximum consulting fee that the employee can charge? The table lists the top 5 nations according to the number of gold medals won in a tournament; also included are the number of silver and the bronze medals won by them. Based only on the data provided in the table, which one of the following statements is INCORRECT?
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After the 2nd round, the 5th student behind Q leaves the game.
After the 3rd round, the 3rd student behind V leaves the game.
After the 4th round, the 4th student behind U leaves the game.
Who all are left in the game after the 4th round?
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Note: All lengths are in meter. The figure shown is representative.
- Identify the option that has the most appropriate sequence such that a coherent paragraph is formed:
P: Over time, such adaptations lead to significant evolutionary changes with the potential to shape the development of new species.
Q: In natural world, organisms constantly adapt to their environments in response to challenges and opportunities.
R: This process of adaptation is driven by the principle of natural selection, where favorable traits increase an organism’s chances of survival and reproduction.
S: As environments change, organisms that can adapt their behavior, structure, and physiology to such changes are more likely to survive.