Hall-Heroult's process is given by :
- ${Cr2O3 + 2Al -> Al2O3 + 2Cr}$
- ${Cu^{2+} (a) + H_2(g) \to Cu(s) + 2H^{+} (aq)}$
- ${ZnO + C ->[Coke, 1673 K] Zn + CO}$
- ${2 Al_2 O_3 + 3C \to 4Al + 3CO_2 }$
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
${2Al2O3 + 3C -> 4Al + 3CO2}$
${2Al2O3(\ell) <=> 4Al^{3+}(\ell) + 6O^{2 \ominus}(\ell)}$
${At \; cathode :- 4Al^{3 +}_{(\ell)} + 12 e^{ominus} -> 4Al(\ell)}$
${At \; Anode : 6O^{2 \ominus}_{(\ell)} -> 3O_2 (g) + 12e^{\ominus}}$
${3C + 3O_2 -> 3CO_1 (^)}$
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Concepts Used:
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
What are Ores and Minerals?
Minerals are the naturally occurring, homogeneous inorganic solid substances. They are having a definite chemical composition and crystalline structure, hardness and color. For example, copper pyrite, calamine, etc.
Impurities in an ore are called gauge. The removal of a gauge from the ore is called concentration ore.
Several steps are involved in the extraction of pure metal from ores. Major steps are as follows –
- Concentration of the ore
- Isolation of the metal from its concentrated ore
- Purification of the metal