Step 1: Identify common metallic salts used in dyes.
Certain permanent hair dyes historically used metallic salts for colour formation.
Step 2: Role of silver nitrate.
Silver nitrate reacts with sulphur-containing compounds in hair and forms dark silver compounds (silver sulphide), giving black/brown shade.
Step 3: Conclude.
Thus, silver nitrate is used in hair dye formulations.
Final Answer:
\[
\boxed{\text{(C) silver nitrate}}
\]