Question:

Given below is a table of factors affecting microbial decomposition. ($'+'$ means 'favouring' and $'-'$ means inhibiting or lowering). Select the correct option.

Updated On: Jul 6, 2022
  • a
  • b
  • c
  • d
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Rate of decomposition of detritus depends upon chemical quality of detritus, temperature, soil moisture and soil pH. A soil temperature of $25^\circ C$ and more hastens decomposition, taking from a few weeks to a few months for complete mineralisation and humification. Moisture is essential for decomposition. Excessive moisture impedes decomposition probably due to anaerobiosis. Chitin and lignin are very slow to get decomposed. Cellulose decomposition takes time. Therefore, detritus with small amount of lignin/chitin/cellulose which is rich in . nitrogen and water soluble substances (like sugars) decomposes rapidly. Aerobic conditions are essential for activity of decomposer organisms because decomposition is oxygen requiring process. Anaerobiosis reduces decomposition and causes piling up of detritus.
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Notes on Eco-System

Concepts Used:

Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of ecology where the living organisms come in to interact with each other and the surrounding environment.

Structure of the Ecosystem:

The structure of an ecosystem is distinguished by the organization of both biotic and abiotic components. This involves the distribution of energy in our environment. It also comprises the climatic conditions prevailing in that particular environment. 

There are two main components of the structure of an ecosystem, namely: 

  • Biotic Components
  • Abiotic Components

The biotic and abiotic components are interconnected in an ecosystem. It is an open system where the energy and components can flow through the boundaries.