Question

Give the structures of A, B, and C in the following reactions:

Hint:

- In the first reaction, the nitrile is reduced to an amine, which is then diazotized to form an alcohol.
- In the second reaction, nitrobenzene is reduced to aniline, which is then diazotized to form the diazonium ion, followed by hydrolysis to give phenol.

Answer 1

The second reaction involves the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline (A) using iron and hydrochloric acid (Fe/HCl). Then, the aniline undergoes diazotization with sodium nitrite (NaNO\(_2\)) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) at 273K to form a diazonium salt (B). Finally, the diazonium salt undergoes hydrolysis to form phenol (C). The reactions are as follows:
1. A: \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2\) (Aniline)
2. B: \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{N}_2^+\) (Phenyl Diazonium Ion)
3. C: \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH}\) (Phenol)