Question

Give the causative agent, mode of transmission and symptoms of typhoid.

Hint:

Typhoid is diagnosed via the Widal test or blood culture; vaccination and sanitation prevent its spread.

Answer 1

Causative Agent: Salmonella typhi, a gram-negative bacillus. Mode of Transmission: - Fecal-oral route, primarily through contaminated food or water. - Carriers (e.g., asymptomatic individuals) spread the bacteria. Symptoms: - Sustained high fever (39–40°C). - Abdominal pain, constipation, or diarrhea. - Weakness, fatigue, and loss of appetite. - Rose spots (rash on abdomen/chest). - Headache and possible intestinal perforation in severe cases.