Question:

Give geographical reasons: Fishing plays an important role in the economy of India.

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When answering geographical reasons, always focus on cause and effect. Explain the natural factors (such as climate, location, or landforms) that lead to the observed geographical phenomenon. Be clear, concise, and support your answer with relevant examples.
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Solution and Explanation

Geographical Reason:
Fishing is a significant economic activity in India due to the country's extensive coastline and inland water resources. The key reasons are:
Extensive Coastline: India has a 7,517 km long coastline, providing ample opportunities for marine fishing.
Rich Biodiversity: The Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal support a wide variety of fish species, including tuna, shrimp, mackerel, and sardines.
Employment Generation: The fishing industry provides livelihood to millions of fishermen and workers involved in processing, transportation, and export.
Inland Fishing: India has numerous rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, contributing significantly to freshwater fish production.
Foreign Exchange Earnings: India is a leading exporter of seafood, with shrimp and prawns being major exports, contributing to foreign exchange reserves.
Government Initiatives: Schemes like Blue Revolution and Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) promote sustainable fishing and boost the sector.
Conclusion:
With its vast marine and inland resources, India’s fishing industry plays a vital role in employment, food security, and exports, making it a crucial part of the national economy.
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