Question

“Geography is the study of human beings and environment where nature is supreme that dictates the lifestyle of human beings.” Identify the geographical approach referred to in this statement.

• A. Possibilism
• B. Environmental Determinism
• C. Behaviouralism
• D. Humanism

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

In the given statement, "Geography is the study of human beings and environment where nature is supreme that dictates the lifestyle of human beings," the phrase "nature is supreme that dictates" highlights a key concept where the natural environment is seen as the dominant force shaping human activities and lifestyle. This description aligns with the geographical approach known as Environmental Determinism. Environmental Determinism is the theory that the physical environment, particularly the climate and geographical features, determines the patterns of human culture and societal development. It implies that human responses and actions are determined by natural environmental conditions.

Hence, based on the context provided, the approach being referred to in the statement is Environmental Determinism.

Answer 2

Let's analyze each geographical approach in reference to the statement:

"Geography is the study of human beings and environment where nature is supreme that dictates the lifestyle of human beings."

• (A) Possibilism: Possibilism suggests that while the environment may offer certain constraints, humans have the ability to choose from a range of possibilities and adapt to or modify their environment. This approach does not support the idea that nature alone dictates the lifestyle of humans.
• (B) Environmental Determinism: Environmental Determinism aligns perfectly with the statement. It emphasizes the idea that nature and the environment supremely control and determine the behaviors, actions, and lifestyles of human beings. The statement suggests that the environment dictates the lifestyle, which is a core concept of Environmental Determinism.
• (C) Behaviouralism: Behaviouralism focuses on understanding human behavior through actions and responses, often involving psychological factors. It does not focus on nature’s supremacy or its direct influence on lifestyle, so this is not the correct approach here.
• (D) Humanism: Humanism emphasizes the human experience, individual agency, and human values. It does not focus on the dominance of nature or environmental control over human behavior.

Therefore, the correct approach referred to in this statement is (B): Environmental Determinism.