The level of income where Average Propensity to Save (APS) becomes zero is at Income = Rs. 100 crore, since savings (\( S = Y - C \)) equals zero at this point.
The Average Propensity to Save (APS) is calculated as: \[ {APS} = \frac{{Savings}}{{Income}} = \frac{{Income} {Consumption}}{{Income}} \] At Income = 100 crore, consumption is also 100 crore. Hence, savings will be zero: \[ {Savings} = {Income} {Consumption} = 100 100 = 0 \] Thus, APS = 0 when income is 100 crore.
Conclusion: The APS becomes zero at 100 crore income because savings equal zero when consumption is equal to income.
On the basis of the following hypothetical data, calculate the percentage change in Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the year 2022 – 23, using 2020 – 21 as the base year.
Year | Nominal GDP | Nominal GDP (Adjusted to Base Year Price) |
2020–21 | 3,000 | 5,000 |
2022–23 | 4,000 | 6,000 |
On the basis of the given data, estimate the value of National Income (NNPFC):
S.No. | Items | Amount (in ₹ Crore) |
(i) | Household Consumption Expenditure | 1,800 |
(ii) | Gross Business Fixed Capital Formation | 1,150 |
(iii) | Gross Residential Construction Expenditure | 1,020 |
(iv) | Government Final Consumption Expenditure | 2,170 |
(v) | Excess of Imports over Exports | 720 |
(vi) | Inventory Investments | 540 |
(vii) | Gross Public Investments | 1,300 |
(viii) | Net Indirect Taxes | 240 |
(ix) | Net Factor Income from Abroad | (-) 250 |
(x) | Consumption of Fixed Capital | 440 |
The 12 musical notes are given as \( C, C^\#, D, D^\#, E, F, F^\#, G, G^\#, A, A^\#, B \). Frequency of each note is \( \sqrt[12]{2} \) times the frequency of the previous note. If the frequency of the note C is 130.8 Hz, then the ratio of frequencies of notes F# and C is:
Here are two analogous groups, Group-I and Group-II, that list words in their decreasing order of intensity. Identify the missing word in Group-II.
Abuse \( \rightarrow \) Insult \( \rightarrow \) Ridicule
__________ \( \rightarrow \) Praise \( \rightarrow \) Appreciate